{"href":"https://api.simplecast.com/oembed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmorbid-53aa329e.simplecast.com%2Fepisodes%2Fwalter-freeman-4g05akTh","width":444,"version":"1.0","type":"rich","title":"Walter Freeman","thumbnail_width":300,"thumbnail_url":"https://image.simplecastcdn.com/images/57083e1d-ee93-428d-9808-23e6996802e4/a86b2cff-389d-44b0-9456-3299bd523e18/sxmcovermorbid3000x3000r2026final.jpg","thumbnail_height":300,"provider_url":"https://simplecast.com","provider_name":"Simplecast","html":"<iframe src=\"https://player.simplecast.com/bd7b4c8c-a4db-43fb-a0c9-a8f0a428e2ae\" height=\"200\" width=\"100%\" title=\"Walter Freeman\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"></iframe>","height":200,"description":"When Portuguese neurologist Egas Moniz developed the lobotomy in 1935, it was little more than a crude surgery developed as a blanket treatment for mental illness that involved drilling into the skull and scrambling the neural connections in the frontal lobe. Less than a decade later, however, American neurologist Walter Jackson Freeman had refined Moniz’s procedure and developed a non-surgical procedure that could be performed in a doctor’s office, which he called a transorbital lobotomy. What he touted as successes, quickly turned into a series of life altering failures...but he kept going."}