{"href":"https://api.simplecast.com/oembed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmorbid-53aa329e.simplecast.com%2Fepisodes%2Fwalter-freeman-pt-2-9ve_y4IL","width":444,"version":"1.0","type":"rich","title":"Walter Freeman Pt 2","thumbnail_width":300,"thumbnail_url":"https://image.simplecastcdn.com/images/3c9c3c2a-a53f-40bd-9d24-bdb387b03fb1/63cc4f36-fd5e-4f32-82e3-a2185ea81abf/sxm-cover-morbid-3000x3000-final.jpg","thumbnail_height":300,"provider_url":"https://simplecast.com","provider_name":"Simplecast","html":"<iframe src=\"https://player.simplecast.com/d17aaf05-5601-4756-801d-be734c9ac78b\" height=\"200\" width=\"100%\" title=\"Walter Freeman Pt 2\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"></iframe>","height":200,"description":"American neurologist Walter Jackson Freeman had refined Moniz’s procedure and developed a non-surgical procedure that could be performed in a doctor’s office, which he called a transorbital lobotomy. \n\nFreeman’s procedure involved inserting a medical instrument similar to an icepick into the patient’s orbital socket to sever the neural connections, without requiring surgery, hospital stays, and long recovery times. Touted as a quick, easy, and painless solution to everything from general malaise and occasional depression to schizophrenia and aggressive behavior, the procedure a go-to solution for the very complex psychological problems that have affected countless people for centuries. Unfortunately, while the procedure was effective for a small number of those who received a lobotomy, it was used indiscriminately, often without consideration for the increasingly disastrous outcomes.\n\nToday we talk about the tragic and disastrous lobotomy on Rosemary Kennedy and thousands more that occured after it. \n\n\n\n\nReferences\n\nEl-Hai, Jack. 2005. The Lobotomist : A Maverick Medical Genius and His Tragic Quest to Rid the World of Mental Illness. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Press.\n\nKaye, Hugh. 2023. The dark history of gay men, lobotomies and Walter Jackson Freeman II. April 25. Accessed July 19, 2023. https://www.attitude.co.uk/culture/sexuality/the-dark-gay-history-of-lobotomies-and-walter-jackson-freeman-ii-419069/.\n\nLenz, Lyz. 2017. The Secret Lobotomy of Rosemary Kennedy. March 31. Accessed July 18, 2023. https://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity/a26261/secret-lobotomy-rosemary-kennedy/.\n\nNational Public Radio. 2005. Frequently asked questions about lobotomies. November 16. Accessed July 18, 2023. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5014565.\n\n—. 2005. 'My Lobotomy': Howard Dully's journey. November 16. Accessed July 18, 2023. https://www.npr.org/2005/11/16/5014080/my-lobotomy-howard-dullys-journey.\n\nNew York Times. 1939. \"Front brain 'rules' thoughts on future.\" New York Times, April 8: 6.\n\n—. 1947. \"Personality shift is laid to surgery.\" New York Times, December 14: 51.\n\nPrentice, Claire. 2021. \"Lobotomy: The brain op described as ‘easier than curing a toothache’.\" BBC News, January 30.\n\n2008. American Experience: The Lobotomist. Directed by Public Broadcasting System. Performed by Public Broadcasting System."}